The exhausted Eleanor went to Fontevraud, where she remained. As soon as they disembarked at Southampton, Eleanor was taken either to Winchester Castle or Sarum Castle and held there. Louis was sent to Bordeaux with an escort of 500 knights, along with Abbot Suger, Theobald II, Count of Champagne, and Raoul I, Count of Vermandois. The death of her father left her an unmarried teenager and one of the greatest heiresses in Europe. Born around 1122 or 1124 possibly in today's southern France, Eleanor was named for her mother, the Duchess Anor de Chtellerault. [7] Her parents almost certainly married in 1121. As the mother to Richard the Lionheart, she helped him sure up his succession, find him a wife, manage his lands while he was on campaign, and spring into action at the age of 68 to raise and personally deliver his ransom when he was taken prisoner on the way home from the Holy Land. Family, friend, or fan, this family history biography is for you to remember Eleanor Henry. Henry II sent Thomas of Earley, Archdeacon of Wells, to break the news to Eleanor at Sarum. Louis was a weak and ineffectual military leader with no skill for maintaining troop discipline or morale, or of making informed and logical tactical decisions. In response, Eleanor broke down and meekly excused her behaviour, claiming to be bitter because of her lack of children (her only recorded pregnancy at that time was in about 1138, but she miscarried[17][18]). I wonder whether Eleanor took a hit for the team, tacitly accepting punishment as a ringleader because that allowed their sons to be reconciled to their father quickly: it wasnt their fault, it was their mothers influence. Publishers Weekly. She celebrated Easter in Bordeaux, where the famous warrior Mercadier came to her court. Louis's refusal and his forcing her to accompany him humiliated Eleanor, and she maintained a low profile for the rest of the crusade. She did not have the opportunity to see her sons very often during her imprisonment, though she was released for special occasions such as Christmas. Neither was heard of for over two months. Eleanor, nearly 80 years old, fearing the disintegration of the Plantagenet domain, crossed the Pyrenees in 1200 in order to fetch her granddaughter Blanche from the court of Castile and marry her to the son of the French king. Eleanor recruited some of her royal ladies-in-waiting for the campaign as well as 300 non-noble Aquitainian vassals. "[31], In March 1173, aggrieved at his lack of power and egged on by Henry's enemies, his son by the same name, the younger Henry, launched the Revolt of 11731174. [4] The marriage was annulled on 21 March 1152 on the grounds of consanguinity within the fourth degree. More than a thousand people who sought refuge in the church there died in the flames. Notwithstanding, during their three-week stay at Constantinople, Louis was fted and Eleanor was much admired. When Eleanor died in 1204 at the age of 80, she elected to exist cached where she had spent her final years, at Fontevraud Abbey. For good measure, accusations were added that she had engaged in an affair with Geoffrey, Count of Anjou, Henrys father, and that her lust for Henry ruined her marriage to Louis. Consanguinity was grounds for annulment in the medieval period. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. He claims that Eleanor, her daughter Marie, Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne, and Isabelle of Flanders would sit and listen to the quarrels of lovers and act as a jury to the questions of the court that revolved around acts of romantic love. A book rests on her chest, though in typically enigmatic style, we are left to guess what she may be reading. While his main focus is the Wars of the Roses and Richard III, hes a historian of the middle ages in general. Age Range Adult, Mature Adult Role Size . Eleanor was the daughter and heiress of William X, duke of Aquitaine and count of Poitiers, who possessed one of the largest domains in Francelarger, in fact, than those held by the French king. Ive asked author and historian Matthew Lewis to be a guest today. At this point, Eleanor was 49 - already deemed an elderly woman. As such, I asked him to stop by and talk about his newest book, Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine: Founding an Empire. It was rumoured that the bride and groom had anticipated the ceremony and there was also a story that she had known the grooms late father, Geoffrey of Anjou, considerably better than she should have done. For Eleanor, the appeal of Henry was probably less some passionate obsession with a younger man than a realistic assessment of who was single and in a position to protect her and Aquitaine. This suspicion of responsibility did nothing for her popularity in Christendom. Under both Richard and John she was active in matters of state and she died eventually in a nunnery at Fontrevault in Anjou in her early eighties in 1204, having been for much of a lifetime probably the most powerful woman in Europe. In 1137 Duke William X left Poitiers for Bordeaux and took his daughters with him. Sometime between the end of March and the beginning of May, Eleanor left Poitiers, but was arrested and sent to the king at Rouen. Eleanor was, I think, always preoccupied with Aquitaine. Eleanor features in the novel Via Crucis (1899) by F. Marion Crawford. Pioneer Theatre Company presentsThe Lion in Winter, a fascinating look at two of the most iconic figures in English history. It feels like something we could do with more of today. [22] Henry donated much money to Godstow Nunnery in Oxfordshire, where Rosamund was buried. The couple married on Whitsun, 18 May 1152. She stayed in Normandy for six months. In Penman's historical mysteries, Eleanor, as Richard's regent, sends squire Justin de Quincy on various missions, often an investigation of a situation involving Prince John. Soon afterwards, she sought an annulment of her marriage,[2] but her request was rejected by Pope Eugene III. Much money went into making the austere Cit Palace in Paris more comfortable for Eleanor's sake.[13]. Her life was portrayed on BBC Radio 4 in the drama series Eleanor Rising, with Rose Basista as Eleanor and Joel MacCormack as King Louis. Eleanor, nearly 80 years old, fearing the disintegration of the Plantagenet domain, crossed the Pyrenees in 1200 in order to fetch her granddaughter Blanche from the court of Castile and marry her to the son of the French king. Explore historical records and family tree profiles about Eleanor Henry on MyHeritage, the world's family history network. Alternate titles: Alinor dAquitaine, Alinor de Guyenne, Elonore dAquitaine, Elonore de Guyenne, Eleanor of Guyenne. Her contribution to England extended beyond her own lifetime; after the loss of Normandy (1204), it was her own ancestral lands and not the old Norman territories that remained loyal to England. They had five sons and three daughters. [9] Over the next few years Eleanor often travelled with her husband and was sometimes associated with him in the government of the realm, but still had a custodian so that she was not free. Upon reaching Bordeaux, he left them in the charge of the archbishop of Bordeaux, one of his few loyal vassals. Join Now Auditions & Jobs. She insisted on taking part in the Crusades as the feudal leader of the soldiers from her duchy. My answer would be that understanding the end of a story (or at least the closing of a chapter) often requires knowledge of its beginning. [36] By the time of her death she had outlived all of her children except for King John of England and Queen Eleanor of Castile. By all accounts, Eleanor's father ensured that she had the best possible education. This has attracted confusion and derision for Stephen, from contemporaries and later commentators, but I think there was good reason for him to behave as he did. During Richard's absence, royal authority in England was represented by a Council of Regency in conjunction with a succession of chief justiciarsWilliam de Longchamp (11901191), Walter deCoutances (11911193), and finally Hubert Walter. She continued south, crossed the Pyrenees, and travelled through the kingdoms of Navarre and Castile, arriving in Castile before the end of January 1200. I wrote a book on The Anarchy the 11th century civil war between King Stephen and Empress Matilda. Louis's long march to Jerusalem and back north, which Eleanor was forced to join, debilitated his army and disheartened her knights; the divided Crusade armies could not overcome the Muslim forces, and the royal couple had to return home. View the profiles of people named Eleanor Henry. Photos: CHICAGO's Jinkx Monsoon Meets the Press! She actively prepared for Richards coronation as king, was administrator of the realm during his Crusade to the Holy Land, and, after his capture by the duke of Austria on Richards return from the east, collected his ransom and went in person to escort him to England. In the 2019 video game expansion Civilization VI: Gathering Storm, Eleanor is a playable leader for the English and French civilizations.[43]. As soon as the annulment was granted, Eleanor became engaged to her third cousin Henry, Duke of Normandy. Contemporary sources praise Eleanor's beauty. In the cost Henry incurred on her care, and her placement at one of her favourite castles at Old Sarum, there is little trace of the vindictive, wronged husband. Eleanor's marriage to Henry was reputed to be tumultuous and argumentative, although sufficiently cooperative to produce at least eight pregnancies. Eleanor C. Henry. Although their sons and other rebels were swiftly forgiven and rehabilitated. In 1193, she would tell Pope Celestine III that she was tortured by his memory. Eleanor had lived an incredibly full medieval life before she even met Henry. She was compared with Penthesilea, mythical queen of the Amazons, by the Greek historian Nicetas Choniates. She had her tomb placed beside that she had commissioned for her husband, Henry, suggesting again a fondness that undermines the view of their relationship as fractious and difficult. I hope I have done them justice in my biography and tried to view them more as people than political caricatures. In 1154 he became, as Henry II, king of England, with the result that England, Normandy, and the west of France were united under his rule. She had been locked away by her husband since 1173, following her complicit involvement in her sons' rebellions against Henry II. Add or change photo on IMDbPro Add to list More at IMDbPro Contact info Agent info Known for The Help 8.1 Mae Mobley 2011 Credits Edit IMDbPro Actress Previous 1 The Help Mae Mobley 2011 IMDb Best of 2022 [10] Eleanor was extroverted, lively, intelligent, and strong-willed. Historical fiction author Elizabeth Chadwick wrote a three-volume series about Eleanor: The Summer Queen (2013), The Winter Crown (2014) and The Autumn Throne (2016). A Guide to Currently Running and Upcoming National Tours, Photos: Inside THE MUSIC MAN's Final Curtain Call with Hugh Jackman, Sutton Foster & Company. Louis soon came into violent conflict with Pope Innocent II. The annulment gave Eleanor back Aquitaine and Poitou, which she took with her eight weeks later to Henry, Count of Anjou and Duke of Normandy, to whom, incidentally, she was just as closely related as she had been to Louis. She was also blamed for the size of the baggage train and the fact that her Aquitanian soldiers had marched at the front and thus were not involved in the fight. In her attendance at celebrations where their sons were present, there seems little fear on Henrys part that she might try again to incite an uprising. The duke also insisted to his companions that his death be kept a secret until Louis was informed; the men were to journey from Saint James of Compostela across the Pyrenees as quickly as possible to call at Bordeaux to notify the archbishop, then to make all speed to Paris to inform the king. The basis for this claim seems to be the fact that Raymond advised a course of action that Louis refused to accept. In June 1144, the king and queen visited the newly built monastic church at Saint-Denis. It allowed him to meet the chivalric imperative of helping another, and a family member too, to help prevent him suffering dishonour. She was able to retire comfortably as Queen of England, with Aquitaine in the capable hands of Richard, and in doing so, take the sting out of the conflict between her husband and their sons. Some, such as John of Salisbury and William of Tyre, say Eleanor's reputation was sullied by rumours of an affair with her uncle Raymond. Beautiful, capricious, and adored by Louis, Eleanor exerted considerable influence over him, often goading him into undertaking perilous ventures. Although the figures are intended as Eleanor of Aquitaine, Henry II of England, and William Marshall, the story is an entire invention. Eleanor had only one other legitimate sibling, a younger sister named Aelith (also called Petronilla). A few weeks later, Eleanor's father-in-law died and her husband succeeded him as King Louis VII. Her numerous children included Richard I and John, both of whom assumed the British throne. She was instrumental in turning the court of Poitiers, then frequented by the most famous troubadours of the time, into a centre of poetry and a model of courtly life and manners. He may have done so to provoke Eleanor into seeking an annulment, but if so, the queen disappointed him. Polly Schroyer Brooks, the author of a non-academic biography of Eleanor, suggests that the court did exist, but that it was not taken very seriously, and that acts of courtly love were just a "parlour game" made up by Eleanor and Marie in order to place some order over the young courtiers living there. Ella Henry delivered the famous line from the movie that character . Select this result to view Eleanor D Henry's phone number, address, and more. I know what you might be thinking. It was part of the show of power, and Eleanor played her role perfectly. By this marriage she hoped to ensure peace between the Plantagenets of England and the Capetian kings of France. Searching to find out more about Eleanor Henry? Henry and Eleanor became king and queen of England in 1154. He even arranged for Eleanor and Louis to sleep in the same bed. View Elinor Henry results including current phone number, address, relatives, background check report, and property record with Whitepages. Judy Chicago's artistic installation The Dinner Party features a place setting for Eleanor,[38] and she was portrayed by Frederick Sandys in his 1858 painting, Queen Eleanor. In eastern Europe, the French army was at times hindered by Manuel I Comnenus, the Byzantine Emperor, who feared that the Crusade would jeopardise the tenuous safety of his empire. After their return to France and a short-lived reconciliation, their marriage was annulled in March 1152. Henry was nineteen years old, bull-necked, stocky and . I found that period fascinating (and given my interest in the Wars of the Roses I was worried that civil wars fascinated me so much). Eleanor of Aquitaine is thought to be the queen of England mentioned in the poem "Were diu werlt alle min," used as the tenth movement of Carl Orff's famous cantata, Carmina Burana.[42]. Louis accordingly bolted the gates of Bourges against the new bishop. Continue with Recommended Cookies. He possessed one of the largest domains in France, and upon his death in 1137 she inherited the duchy of Aquitaine. Breakdown. Louis, however, still burned with guilt over the massacre at Vitry and wished to make a pilgrimage to the Holy Land to atone for his sins. Flower and Hawk is a monodrama for soprano and orchestra, written by American composer, Carlisle Floyd that premiered in 1972, in which the soprano (Eleanor of Aquitaine) relives past memories of her time as queen, and at the end of the monodrama, hears the bells that toll for Henry II's death, and in turn, her freedom. In 1199 Richard died without leaving an heir to the throne, and John was crowned king. Louis's subsequent siege of Damascus in 1148 with his remaining army, reinforced by Conrad and Baldwin III of Jerusalem, achieved little. This resulted in the army becoming separated, with some having already crossed the summit and others still approaching it. [4] Although her native tongue was Poitevin, she was taught to read and speak Latin, was well versed in music and literature, and schooled in riding, hawking, and hunting. Eleanor Henry was born on June 7, 1897, and died at age 79 years old in October 1976. Eleanors conduct during this expedition, especially at the court of her uncle Raymond of Poitiers at Antioch, aroused Louiss jealousy and marked the beginning of their estrangement. As he is forced to reconstruct the shattered settlement of his domains, it is to her that he turns for help. Since Eleanor, 11 years her husbands senior, had long resented his infidelities, the revolt may have been instigated by her; in any case, she gave her sons considerable military support. View Eleanor Henry results including current phone number, address, relatives, background check report, and property record with Whitepages. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. [9][16], Possessing a high-spirited nature, Eleanor was not popular with the staid northerners; according to sources, Louis's mother Adelaide of Maurienne thought her flighty and a bad influence. "On the second day in Easter week, he was slain in the city by a man-at-arms in the service of Brandin",[33] a rival mercenary captain. Instead, he attempted to reconcile Eleanor and Louis, confirming the legality of their marriage. Eleanor urged Louis to support her sister's marriage to Count Raoul. She became duchess upon her father's death in April 1137, and three months later she married Louis, son of her guardian King Louis VI of France. The war lasted two years (114244) and ended with the occupation of Champagne by the royal army. Eleanor's year of birth is not known precisely: a late 13th-century genealogy of her family listing her as 13 years old in the spring of 1137 provides the best evidence that Eleanor was perhaps born as late as 1124. Queen Elanor's Confession, or Queen Eleanor's Confession, is Child ballad 156. Her four-year-old brother William Aigret and their mother died at the castle of Talmont on Aquitaine's Atlantic coast in the spring of 1130. "[19], Official blame for the disaster was placed on Geoffrey de Rancon, who had made the decision to continue, and it was suggested that he be hanged, a suggestion which the king ignored. When Eleanor died in 1204 at the age of 80, she elected to be buried where she had spent her final years, at Fontevraud Abbey. If there was an assumption that she wasnt up to the task, that only drove her harder to prove that she was. This was the beginning of a period of greater freedom for the still-supervised Eleanor. She has also been introduced in The Royal Diaries series in the book Crown Jewel of Aquitaine by Kristiana Gregory. In mid-July, Eleanor's ship finally reached Palermo in Sicily, where she discovered that she and her husband had both been given up for dead. In 1167, Eleanor's third daughter, Matilda, married Henry the Lion of Saxony. Henry was nineteen years old, bull-necked, stocky and freckled, a man of electric energy and ferocious impatience, compelling charm and an ungovernable temper. During her imprisonment, Eleanor became more and more distant from her sons, especially from Richard, who had always been her favourite. [6] On the other hand, some chronicles mention a fidelity oath of some lords of Aquitaine on the occasion of Eleanor's fourteenth birthday in 1136. [30] Amy Kelly, in her article, "Eleanor of Aquitaine and Her Courts of Love," gives a very plausible description of the origins of the rules of Eleanor's court: "In the Poitevin code, man is the property, the very thing of woman; whereas a precisely contrary state of things existed in the adjacent realms of the two kings from whom the reigning duchess of Aquitaine was estranged. Eleanor also appears briefly in the first novel of Penman's Welsh trilogy, Here Be Dragons. Eleanor of Aquitaine (c.1122 1 April 1204; French: Alinor d'Aquitaine, pronounced[aljen dakitn]) was Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 as the wife of King Louis VII,[1] Queen of England from 1154 to 1189 as the wife of King Henry II, and Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right from 1137 until her death in 1204. Looking for Eleanor Henry? The Pope, recalling similar attempts by William X to exile supporters of Innocent from Poitou and replace them with priests loyal to himself, blamed Eleanor, saying that Louis was only a child and should be taught manners. Richard Cavendish marks the anniversary of a royal marriage, on May 18th, 1152. Her semi-imprisonment in England ended only with the death of Henry II in 1189. He had met her in 1166 and had begun their liaison in 1173, supposedly contemplating divorce from Eleanor. His sources no longer exist, and he alone mentions this birth.[27]. The consequences for the subsequent history of English ambitions in France were profound. Copyright 2023 History Today Ltd. Company no. Louis and Eleanor, on separate ships due to their disagreements, were first attacked in May 1149 by Byzantine ships. One of Louis's avowed Crusade goals was to journey in pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and he stated his intention to continue. It was a sure sign Henry had launched the invasion without permission and this felt like the medieval teenage equivalent of being put on the naughty step. The king had many mistresses, but although he treated earlier liaisons discreetly, he flaunted Rosamund. Sancocho New York, NY . She immediately sent word to Henry to come promptly and marry her, and meanwhile summoned her principal vassals to renew their allegiance to her as Duchess of Aquitaine. The marriage was annulled in March 1152 on grounds of consanguinity. The second had been made by Henrys younger brother Geoffrey. On 8 July 1174, Henry and Eleanor took ship for England from Barfleur. [4] There was, however, another prominent Eleanor before herEleanor of Normandy, an aunt of William the Conqueror, who lived a century earlier than Eleanor of Aquitaine. It was a gamble that did not pay off, and whether through military error or betrayal, the Damascus campaign was a failure. [3] Eventually, Louis agreed to an annulment, as fifteen years of marriage had not produced a son. Join Facebook to connect with Eleanor Henry and others you may know. It became Elanor in the langues d'ol of northern France and Eleanor in English. Eleanor supported her uncle's desire to re-capture the nearby County of Edessa, the objective of the Crusade. About four miles from Shrewsbury and close by Haughmond Abbey is "Queen Eleanor's Bower", the remains of a possible triangular timber castle which is believed to have been one of her prisons. Little is known of Eleanor's involvement in these events. "Young Henry", son of Henry and Eleanor, wed Margaret, daughter of Louis from his second marriage. They have also lived in Columbus, GA and Fort Mitchell, AL. Her letter dated 1193, presents her strong expressions of personal suffering as a result of Richard's captivity and informs the Pope that in her grief she is "wasted away by sorrow".[35]. [16] She may not have been anointed on this occasion, however, because she had already been anointed in 1137. Eleanor, aged 12 to 15, then became the duchess of Aquitaine, and thus the most eligible heiress in Europe. Either way, when Henry succeeded to the throne of England in 1154, the effect was to give the rulers of England a domain in France stretching from the English Channel to the Pyrenees and covering ten times as much of the country as the French kings themselves possessed. However, this rumour may have been a ruse, as Raymond, through Eleanor, had been trying to induce Louis to use his army to attack the actual Muslim encampment at nearby Aleppo, gateway to retaking Edessa, which had all along, by papal decree, been the main objective of the Crusade. It is for this reason that I didnt see Eleanors move to Aquitaine in 1168 as the split in their relationship it is often portrayed as. Eleanor was not. In response, Bernard became more kindly towards her: "My child, seek those things which make for peace. Eleanor was imprisoned for the next 16 years, much of the time in various locations in England. On Saturday, 11 June 1183, the young king realized he was dying and was overcome with remorse for his sins. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. In the 1964 film Becket, Eleanor is briefly played by Pamela Brown to Peter O'Toole's first performance as a young Henry II. Norah Lofts wrote a fictionalized biography of her, entitled in various editions Queen in Waiting or Eleanor the Queen, and including some romanticized episodesstarting off with the young Eleanor planning to elope with a young knight, who is killed out of hand by her guardian, in order to facilitate her marriage to the King's son. His memory to connect with Eleanor Henry results including current phone number, address relatives... 'S father-in-law died and her husband succeeded him as king Louis VII ( 1899 by... Annulled on 21 March 1152 on grounds of consanguinity Castle and held there, son of Henry and Eleanor English., seek those things which make for peace 1964 film Becket, 's. 1173, supposedly contemplating divorce from Eleanor and queen of England in 1154 the domains. The beginning of a period of greater freedom for the campaign as well as non-noble! 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