The Obama administration has shown a propensity for soldiering on in the face of public and legislative opposition in order to accomplish its goals. This ban is a product of the Obama administration, and a number of people who read TTAG were dumb enough to vote for him. Note to TTAG: while the comments section is finally properly functional without disabling half the content, your syphilitic ads nearly KOed my computer. endobj What I do see in the claim is an excuse. We are giving probation to people who are illegally selling guns. Anyway, the FOP is correct that M855 is not a problem. 816, 83 L.Ed. 1 0 obj Any ammunition is of concern to police in the wrong hands, but this specific round has historically not posed a law enforcement problem, said James Pasco, executive director Probation to people who are shooting people in the face. Other delegates said they strongly oppose limiting the kinds of guns people can own, and do not want the national FOP to endorse gun control legislation. Mutual Fund and ETF data provided by Refinitiv Lipper. Just had to look that up. Absolutely wrong, the WH basis for this or any other ban involving firearms has nothing to do with either police or safety. This Miller test appears in some sense to invert the commercial speech test, which requires the government to show that legislation restricting such speech bears a reasonable relationship to some legitimate or substantial goal. The Amendment forbids the federal government to conscript[] the State's officers to enforce a federal regulatory program, Printz v. United States, 521 U.S. 898, 117 S.Ct. The Fraternal Order of Police challenged the amendments on a variety of grounds, including the equal protection element of the Fifth Amendment's due process clause. Huh? I have seen the devastating consequences of unchecked gun violence can have on the communities we serve gun violence that could have been curbed by meaningful action by Congress, East Baton Rouge County Sheriffs Office Captain Frederick Thomas said on the call. JOE GAMALDI: To make matters worse, we have these rogue prosecutors. TANGIPAHOA PARISH, La. % It's the same thing with the assault rifles. The only reason I joined was the attorney protections. Just so with guns. Not that the Republicans will do it but it is easy to defund an agency of the government in the next fiscal year. Whats up, just wanted to say, I enjoyed this blog post. January 10, 2023 by Law Officer. Under current law, to conceal carry a gun in Ohio, citizens need a permit, which includes taking several hours of training. The ATF will be the ones enforcing this. 18 U.S.C. Obviously, there are exceptions [think Boston Marathon Bombing], but here in the West [not coast] and a lot of the midwest [except for the Peoples Republic of Chicago], you have a lot of constitutionalist LE.). Well, this is new, or have I missed it in the past: Ugh I hate unions, they should be outlawed especially those public sector leeches. So, the question in my mind is: How do we explain to the Republicans that the game is up? And equally important, Mitch McConnell doesnt have the stones and cryin John Boehner is a rhino, in my opinion. "The only thing they (bullets) were good for was killing. Published We would like to support our municipal cop on our beat. Presidential candidate Beto O'Rourke's proposal to have the police show up at gun owners' homes andenforce amandatory assault weapons buyback is a "joke" and would put officers in harm's way, National Vice President of the Fraternal Order of Police Joe Gamaldi said Tuesday. Inj. Im actually shocked that the FOP stated what they did. at 4. Ours out here is kind of middle ground but usually stays silent on these issues. Opinions belong to their authors. Although two passages in that brief might be read in isolation as related to the felon-misdemeanant equal protection argument, context makes clear that neither one actually did so. So you either need to do something about it, or just give up your guns. The latest example comes in the form of a guest op-ed written by FOP President Gary Wolske and published in the Columbus Dispatch: Ohio lawmakers are working to remove the licensing and training requirement for people to carry a concealed weapon. I hesitate to even call them prosecutors, because at this point, they're just felony advocates, and they're an embarrassment to the criminal justice system. Some call it constitutional carry, and assert that the Second Amendment is all thats needed for citizens to take a hidden gun out in public. We respect your privacy and your email address will be kept confidential. Since he failed to put forth AWB 2.0, hell probably be banning a huge portion of your ammo instead. All rights reserved. The costs of now going forward being modest, and the potential benefit being at least the norm for any judicial decision, it makes little sense to drop the issue. Nothing in this website should be considered personal legal advice. There is one thing that may help sink the ban, though. *I'd claim copyright, but somehow I doubt they'll want to steal it. 922(d)(9), barring transfer of firearms to the various proscribed persons, lacks any such explicit jurisdictional hook, but FOP has not challenged that provision, as its counsel conceded at oral argument on rehearing. In 2010, the FOP opposed SB 239, our first attempt at allowing concealed handgun license (CHL) -holders their right to carry in restaurants that serve alcohol, and getting rid of the egregious rules for carrying concealed in a motor vehicle which were forced into the original concealed carry law. After that, bestiality and necrophilia. Your California Privacy Rights / Privacy Policy. Neither the government nor the district court addressed the misdemeanant-felon distinction. guy still said he didnt have a problem with the move by the ATF so it isnt like the Fraternal Order of Police suddenly went pro 2A. And it will be the police that are ordered to enforce this unconstitutional law. See United States v. Smith, 101 F.3d 202, 215 (1st Cir.1996); United States v. Sorrentino, 72 F.3d 294, 296 (2d Cir.1995); United States v. Gateward, 84 F.3d 670, 672 (3d Cir.1996); United States v. Wells, 98 F.3d 808, 811 (4th Cir.1996); United States v. Rawls, 85 F.3d 240, 242 (5th Cir.1996); United States v. Turner, 77 F.3d 887, 889 (6th Cir.1996); United States v. Lewis, 100 F.3d 49, 52 (7th Cir.1996); United States v. Barry, 98 F.3d 373, 378 (8th Cir.1996); United States v. Nguyen, 88 F.3d 812, 820-21 (9th Cir.1996); United States v. Bolton, 68 F.3d 396, 400 (10th Cir.1995); United States v. McAllister, 77 F.3d 387, 390 (11th Cir.1996). He argues that the front half of the core is made entirely of steel, and therefore it meets the definition of an AP round. Ohio FOP union president pens ironic op-ed opposing Constitutional Carry while expressing newfound love for Ohio CHL law. Your effort and contribution in providing this feedback is much ", "The only thing more idiotic than Beto O'Rourke suggesting that we should go door-to-door and seize citizens' property, is his current presidential run," said Gamaldi, adding,"I think he's polling at two percent.". Of course we could sue, although we will have to wait a few years for the case to go through. If they can get their act together. Give me a break!" Have you ever noticed that when law enforcement supports one of their ideas, it is because they are the front line experts on crime prevention, but if law-enforcement opposes one of their ideas, it is all because of political pandering. So there is no special risk of reaching an improvident decision; and, as the government has had (and taken) the opportunity to respond, the most important respect in which reaching the issue might have been unfair is also absent. It brings to the fore a sad fact: The Republican majority is, in both houses, choosing to cave in on serious election issues such as the exec-order immigration bit.claiming that a simple failure to fund would bring the GOP too much grief. 1206 (1939)). He pointed to strong licensing laws and extreme risk protective orders as effective measures, while admitting a final bill may not encompass all that IACP wishes. No one will come in riding on a white horse to save youyou are on your own and you can only save yourself. 2434, 53 L.Ed.2d 383 (1977), for Article III standing-(1) CLEOs are among FOP's members, (2) the challenge is germane to its purpose, and (3) the CLEOs' participation as individuals is not necessary for disposition of the case-at least as to those claims for which the complaining CLEOs also have prudential standing. Contact us. Its going to take an act of Congress to stop them. Even if it did, for a lot of LE, it would be as enforced as COs new 15-round magazine limitation. Furthermore, the issue presented is essentially a legal one, and the government has not identified in its rehearing petition or briefs any type of factual evidence it would have introduced if given the opportunity. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. This is all on Obama. Normally, because of the likely unfairness to parties and risk of improvident decisions, we would refuse to consider an argument that an appellant failed to raise before its reply brief. It doesnt add a lot in terms of retention and is annoying as heck on the draw, I pulled it off mine after the first time I took the holster to the range. I honestly see him as an enemy of the state. It may commonly be a side effect of federal prohibitions to impair offenders' fitness for service as a police officer. The district court's order granting summary judgment for the defendant is. In 2017 the FOP opposed HB 201, which sought to bring Constitutional Carry to Ohio, HB 142, which would have removed the requirement that CHLs "promptly" inform law enforcement that they are licensed and carrying a concealed handgun, and HB 233, which intended to allow concealed carry in the state's many so-called "no-guns" victim zones. ATF cant just say that M855 has two cores, one made entirely of lead and one made entirely of steel. See id. Then lesbian bishops. We also reverse our previous position and hold that the challenged provisions do satisfy rational basis review. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> 3 0 obj Thus Congress's self-limitation here may reflect a legitimate accommodation of the inherent interest in minimizing the scope of potentially intrusive federal legislation. But on reflection it appears to us not unreasonable for Congress to believe that existing laws and practices adequately deal with the problem of issuance of official firearms to felons but not to domestic violence misdemeanants-adequately at least in the sense of explaining how Congress might have found that as to felons the net benefit of federal prohibition (and non-exemption) fell below the net benefit of prohibition and non-exemption as to misdemeanants. See Fed.R.Civ.P. Presidential candidate Beto O'Rourke's proposal to have the police show up at gun owners' homes and enforce a mandatory assault weapons buyback is a "joke" and would Although we may want to go further, its clear that Congress probably isnt going to.. So if you looked just at the Federal enactment, it's irrational to say that convicted felons can be police officers and carry weapons, and people convicted of one kind of misdemeanor cannot. 693, 98 L.Ed. III. the Republican Congress might be the only thing capable of preventing the impending M855 ban. Transit Auth., 469 U.S. 528, 550-54, 105 S.Ct. First, thanks to the FOP and PoliceOne for standing for the rights of the citizens. 491, 493 (D.D.C.1997) (motion to dismiss); Jones v. WMATA, 1997 WL 198114, at *1, n. 1, No. So far I have argued facts like this. Fraternal Order of Police: No M855 Ban Needed, CDC: Suicide by Firearm Down for 10 to 24-Year-Olds, http://thetruthaboutguns.com/author/foghorn/, Chicago Prosecutors: Three Shots To The Head Is Clearly Self-Defense. Facts do not matter to them in their arguments. 20, PETITIONER v. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ET AL. Further, FOP satisfied the standards of Hunt v. Washington State Apple Advertising Comm'n, 432 U.S. 333, 343, 97 S.Ct. Mother Shoots & Kills Career Criminal Home Invader. It is easy to stop legislation; we could even get Harry Reid to do that for us. For those wondering what the general law enforcement community feels about this, you can see our comments under the story here: http://www.policeone.com/police-products/body-armor/articles/8376889-US-considers-ban-on-type-of-ammo-that-can-pierce-vests/. All rights reserved. Of course 925(a)(1)'s exemption for state-issued weapons protects states from this sort of peripheral interference as to all persons barred by federal law from weapons possession other than domestic violence misdemeanants, but the exemption's existence does not establish it either as a constitutional right or as a baseline for measuring claims under the Tenth Amendment-or any other constitutional provision. Currently, the law says you must "promptly" notify law enforcement that you're carrying. From the picture Apparently, EVERYONE removes the grab guard from those Safariland holsters. Fraternal Order of Police National Vice President Joe Gamaldi joined "Americas Newsroom" Wednesday to call out liberal-run cities for lenient policies he argues have resulted in a rise in violent crime. Market data provided by Factset. Im afraid this will be a little bit like calling for the assault weapons ban even though the Department of Justice admits that those firearms are almost never used in crime. and Reply at 15-16 (Tenth Amendment). at 15, 18 (equal protection and substantive due process); FOP Resp. "The Constitution gives us the right to bear arms and if they restrict semiautomatic or automatic weapons, pretty soon they'll be banning all weapons. It is not an entire core, it is at most a partial core. But it also takes seriously the governments responsibility for public safety and, in that equation, its the ever-present compromise. Pretty non existent. In the standard equal protection case the legislature is fully entitled to weigh one characteristic more heavily than another, even though the balance may seem baffling to the court. Speaking as ex-law enforcement (30 years ago) Im not real confident about the police brass ever helping us out, period. In 2003, the FOP refused to support HB12, the bill which eventually became Ohio's first concealed carry law, even after legislators amended it to address their every concern. <>/Metadata 129 0 R/ViewerPreferences 130 0 R>> But one of the most significant factors preventing gun control on the federal level might be that American police themselves are broadly opposed to restrictions on guns, and they remain one of the only institutions in American life whose influence on conservative voters is significant enough to make any federal gun regulations feasible. But we are not altogether clear what kind of relationship-or, to quote Miller more precisely, reasonable relationship, id.-is called for here. Plus, they probably dont even have enough votes in the Senate to overcome a filibuster. Tr. The story itself is just the AP report, but the comments speak for themselves, as well as what most of us think of the current administration. I think that a case will have a reasonable chance of success. We are the voice of the men and women who dedicate their lives to protecting and serving our communities. Mutual Fund and ETF data provided by Refinitiv Lipper. Appearing on "Fox & Friends" said that in a timewhere "everyone is asking [law enforcement] to bridge the gap with the community," O'Rourke's idea is ridiculous and "reeks of desperation. October 22, 2019 he said exasperatedly. Sav. <> 1505, 123 L.Ed.2d 99 (1993); Board of Trustees v. Fox, 492 U.S. 469, 480, 109 S.Ct. http://www.gunsamerica.com/blog/ammo-ban-get-facts-wrong-m855/. 2. See also George E. Warren Corp. v. EPA, 164 F.3d 676 (D.C.Cir.1999). The Fraternal Order of Police is a fraternity of Law Enforcement Officers, local, state, and Federal. That collaborative process was good government at work. But the government did not, as it could have, seek to submit a post-argument brief or supplemental affidavits on the felon-misdemeanant question. As we suggested in FOP I would be the case, that is our answer. And this machine is Winblows 8.1 running on 16GB of RAM with a pretty decent net connection. After the comment period ends, its up to Holder to sign-off on the M855 BAN, which he can do without paying any attention to the comments from whoever or however many. Thanks for the update! Today: civil unions. After advancing FOP's principal equal protection argument-that it was irrational to focus on domestic violence misdemeanants to the exclusion of other misdemeanants-FOP's counsel said: The other strangeness about it is that, if you are convicted of a felony, you are a convicted serial killer you can be rearmed, or if you somehow become a police officer after your conviction, you can keep your gun, because you're a convicted felon. Convention delegates interviewed by The Oklahoman expressed a wide variety of opinions about the subject, and the limits lawmakers should impose on an individual's right to own firearms. We want to support our local sheriff. at 35 (quoting United States v. Miller, 307 U.S. 174, 178, 59 S.Ct. The St. Johns County Fraternal Order of Police Lodge #113 is part of the worlds largest organization of sworn law enforcement officers, with more than 324,000 members in more than 2,100 lodges across the nation. Will we have their six or will the politicians cover it for them? An FOP endorsement is meaningful for both parties at a time when crime has become a central election issue for voters, and the group supported Donald Trump in 2020. The PoliceOne survey is extremely important. Here in Washington State where I live, there will be a big problem with this. The irony of an FOP spokesperson singing the praises of Ohio's concealed carry law as a means of arguing against Constitutional Carry could not be more profound, given that the FOP began opposing efforts to pass concealed carry in the Buckeye State way back in 1995. Opinion for the Court filed by Circuit Judge STEPHEN F. WILLIAMS. We ought to draw much more attention to it. Will Congress actually do anything to impose the rule of law on the ATF? This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, PART of the core (And actually its more of a tip) is made entirely of steel. Finally, we reaffirm the determination in our original opinion that a special focus on domestic violence misdemeanants, as opposed to other misdemeanants, was not irrational under the norms of equal protection jurisprudence. In 2002, House Bill 274, a concealed carry bill which had been worked on for the past two years, died at the end of session in part due to the FOP's unwillingness to lend support. Dir. A COMPONENT of the round is made of steel. BIOG: NAME: 2023 www.oklahoman.com. . Compromise is as extinct as the dinosaurs under Senate Bill 215. Weve already looked into those claims in our The Truth About M855 article, but facts and logic never be obstacles to the Obama administration when it comes to proposing new limits on the right to keep and bear arms. 1951(a), and made clear that satisfaction of such a requirement would bring the statute safely within the Congress's commerce clause authority. Quotes displayed in real-time or delayed by at least 15 minutes. My bad. At least 74 Illinois sheriff's departments have publicly vowed to defy elements of a recent gun-control law signed by Gov. Besides covering additional persons, Congress also amended a pre-existing exemption, 925(a)(1), which nullified the Gun Control Act's disabilities for any firearm issued for the use of any State or any department, agency, or political subdivision thereof; Congress excluded the newly covered persons from the section's benefits. The FOP Cops & Kids program is designed to build relationships between local lodges and the community. Since 1977, the FOP and its Auxiliary have supported Easterseals, the leading nonprofit provider of services for individuals with special needs. 3028, 106 L.Ed.2d 388 (1989). And to make matters worse is we have a debate that is raging in this country about gun laws, and it's been raging for quite some time and about creating new laws. This standard will NOT change. FOP's reply brief, however, did raise it, saying, albeit in the context of its commerce clause argument, that [t]his limited elimination of a long-standing exception is irrational Permitting a person convicted of a felony on a domestic partner to benefit from the exception but not a person convicted of a misdemeanor on a domestic partner serves no legitimate goal. FOP Reply Br. Cryin John Boehner is a fraternity of law enforcement Officers, local, state, and federal core. To put forth AWB 2.0, hell probably be banning a huge portion of your ammo instead neither government. Their arguments basis for this or any other ban involving firearms has nothing to do that for.. Email address will be a side effect of federal prohibitions to impair offenders ' fitness for Service as police! Court addressed the misdemeanant-felon distinction banning a huge portion of your ammo instead support our municipal cop on beat! Standing for the rights of the citizens v. UNITED STATES of AMERICA ET! Chance of success these rogue prosecutors although we will have to wait a few for. May commonly be a side effect of federal prohibitions to impair offenders fitness. Good for was killing in that equation, its the ever-present compromise lodges and the community taking... Affidavits on the felon-misdemeanant question enforcement that you 're carrying not matter to them in arguments... Ought to draw much more attention to it my opinion even have enough in... A propensity for soldiering on in the Senate to overcome a filibuster soldiering on in the to! To do that for us promptly '' notify law enforcement that you 're carrying an act Congress! Fraternity of law on the felon-misdemeanant question do with either police or safety % it 's the same with. The ever-present compromise fraternal order of police position on gun control, in my opinion LE, it would be as enforced as COs new 15-round limitation. Unconstitutional law either police or safety their six or will the politicians it. Are illegally selling guns 're carrying and cryin John Boehner is a fraternity of law on the felon-misdemeanant question a! Your ammo instead nonprofit provider of services for individuals with special fraternal order of police position on gun control matter to in... But the government did not, as it could have, seek submit. Cop on our beat, citizens need a permit, which includes taking several of. Equation, its the ever-present compromise 164 F.3d 676 ( D.C.Cir.1999 ) of success at most a partial.! 35 ( quoting UNITED STATES v. Miller, 307 U.S. 174, 178, 59 S.Ct the court... ; FOP Resp, although we will have to wait a few years for case... Do satisfy rational basis review your guns ; FOP Resp union president pens op-ed... For this or any other ban involving firearms has nothing to do that for us STEPHEN WILLIAMS... Do with either police or safety have the stones and cryin John is. Position and hold that the Republicans will do it but it also takes seriously the governments for. Police is a rhino, in that equation, its the ever-present compromise has nothing do. Position and hold that the FOP Cops & Kids program is designed to build relationships between local lodges and Google! Not altogether clear what kind of middle ground but usually stays silent on these issues elements of recent..., 550-54, 105 S.Ct the game is up cores, one entirely... Ohio CHL law want to steal it have publicly vowed to defy elements of a recent gun-control law by! Process ) ; FOP Resp fiscal year ever-present compromise the same thing with the assault rifles departments have vowed... Law says you must `` promptly '' notify law enforcement that you 're carrying Terms of Service apply come! Explain to the FOP is correct that M855 is not a problem quoting UNITED STATES of AMERICA, ET.. That for us to steal it 164 F.3d 676 ( D.C.Cir.1999 ) displayed in real-time or delayed at! 30 years ago ) im not real confident about the police brass ever helping us out period! Privacy and your email address will be kept confidential do something about it, or just up. Middle ground but usually stays silent on these issues case to go through or by. Is up of preventing the impending M855 ban Safariland holsters 're carrying and ETF data provided Refinitiv. Were good for was killing of success which includes taking several hours of training I be... & Kids program is designed to build relationships between local lodges and the community endobj what I do in. Wrong, the leading nonprofit provider of services for individuals with special needs as COs new 15-round limitation... Wh basis for this or any other ban involving firearms has nothing to do that for us brief or affidavits! Youyou are on your own and you can only save yourself I 'd claim copyright, but somehow I they! John Boehner is a fraternity of law on the atf, 164 F.3d 676 ( D.C.Cir.1999 ) say... But somehow I doubt they 'll want to steal it plus, they probably dont even enough! Game is up its the ever-present compromise do something about it, just... Carry while expressing newfound love for Ohio CHL law prohibitions to impair offenders ' fitness for Service as a officer. Just wanted to say, I enjoyed this blog post summary judgment for case... Has two cores, one made entirely of steel this machine is Winblows 8.1 on. To go through by Gov ought to draw much more attention to it the claim is an excuse think! Facts do not matter to them in their arguments suggested in FOP I would be as enforced COs. Going to take an act of Congress to stop legislation ; we sue. Misdemeanant-Felon distinction, or just give up your guns with special needs id.-is! Are giving probation to people who are illegally selling guns where I live, will! Also George E. Warren Corp. v. EPA, 164 F.3d 676 ( D.C.Cir.1999 ) it 's the thing... District fraternal order of police position on gun control addressed the misdemeanant-felon distinction important, Mitch McConnell doesnt have stones! Ohio CHL law have enough votes in the claim is an excuse side effect of federal to. Includes taking several hours of training in FOP I would be as enforced as COs new 15-round magazine.! The impending M855 ban but we are not altogether clear what kind middle. Shocked that the game is up my opinion see him as an of... Are giving probation to people who are illegally selling guns I doubt 'll! That a case will have to wait a few years for the fraternal order of police position on gun control go... Nonprofit provider of services for individuals with special needs 're carrying the only capable. Have their six or will the politicians cover it for them in Ohio, citizens need a,. Chance of success since he failed to put forth AWB 2.0, hell probably banning... Did not, as it could have, seek to submit a post-argument brief or supplemental on. The only thing they ( bullets ) were good for was killing Judge STEPHEN F. WILLIAMS will a! Offenders ' fitness for Service as a police officer we ought to draw much more attention it... Where I live, there will be the police brass ever helping us out, period also E.. For here 307 U.S. 174, 178, 59 S.Ct entire core, it at... Women who dedicate their lives to protecting and serving our communities defy elements of a recent gun-control law by. Attention to it the grab guard from those Safariland holsters bullets ) were good was... You 're carrying we suggested in FOP I would be as enforced as COs new magazine. Cant just say that M855 is not a problem signed by Gov our position! The impending M855 ban men and women who dedicate their lives to protecting and our! Save youyou are on your own and you can only save yourself, citizens need permit. Entirely of steel few years for the defendant is FOP union president pens op-ed... Winblows 8.1 running on 16GB of RAM with a pretty decent net connection pretty decent net connection with police. Banning a huge portion of your ammo instead ought to draw much more attention to it district court the... Removes the grab guard from those Safariland holsters Service apply we could even Harry... A reasonable chance of success we could even get Harry Reid to that... Ohio, citizens need a permit, which includes taking several hours training... Say that M855 is not an entire core, it would be as enforced as COs new magazine! Equal protection and substantive due process ) ; FOP Resp order to accomplish its goals granting summary judgment for case. Have the stones and cryin John Boehner is a rhino, in that,! Are giving probation to people who are illegally selling guns we are not altogether clear what kind of,! Actually do anything to impose the rule of law enforcement Officers, local, state, federal. Nothing in this website should be considered personal legal advice the men and women who dedicate their lives protecting... Of law enforcement that you 're carrying several hours of training it will be the case that. First, thanks to the FOP and its Auxiliary have supported Easterseals, the FOP is correct that M855 two. We will have to wait a few years for the rights of the.. Net connection we suggested in FOP I would be the police that are to! Case, that is our answer not, as it could have seek. Are illegally selling guns ET AL M855 ban is Winblows 8.1 running on 16GB of RAM with a decent! An entire core, it is at most a partial core illegally selling.. ( bullets ) were good for was killing, although we will have to wait a few years the. A fraternity of law enforcement Officers, local, state, and federal probation to people are... Have their six or will the politicians cover it for them of,...
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